Why is India not importing U.S. corn?
A key trade dispute between India and the U.S. is over corn imports. The U.S. wants India, with its 1.4 billion people, to buy American corn, but India has not imported any.
????Does India import corn?
???? India’s maize yield is lower than the global average (under 4 tonnes/ha vs. world average of 6).
????Despite this, India has mostly been self-sufficient and sometimes even exports maize for poultry, livestock feed, and food.
????With growing ethanol blending, maize demand has increased. Around 10–12 million tonnes of maize from the 2025 crop will go into ethanol out of 50 million tonnes total production.
????Imports are rising, mainly for ethanol. India imported 1 million tonnes of maize in 2024-25 (60% from Myanmar, rest from Ukraine), almost eight times higher than the previous year.
????India avoids U.S. corn because much of it is genetically modified (GM). India only permits GM cotton, while GM brinjal and mustard are still under review. Concerns remain about GM food safety.
????Why does the U.S. want to export corn to India?
????In India, farming is small-scale and aimed at food security and nutrition.
????In the U.S., farming is large-scale, highly mechanised, and capitalist-driven, with maize yields about three times higher than India’s.
????U.S. agriculture mainly serves big agribusinesses. Historically, government programs like food stamps and school lunches supported farmers and ensured food security, but over time, farming shifted more towards profit-oriented production.
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